Metallic Vapour Deposition Printing of Circuits

Let me start from the origin of this idea. I got this idea while having lunch at the Limbdi Hostel mess of IT-BHU. I had read about Intel making new 3-D chips but I couldn't figure out how exactly would they achieve the fabrication of the three dimensional structures. Then I had an idea of depositing atoms one by one to make larger structures. But the major problem to achieve this capability would be to control the individual atoms. How could you get metallic circuit elements to deposit on the chip OUT OF THIN AIR and bang, the idea to use lasers to deposit metallic vapour popped up in my mind!. My core idea was to use the reactions named Monds process and Van Arkel process to deposit metal on the silicon substrate. In these processes the metallic vapour compound decomposes by heating, giving pure metal which would deposit on the surface of the silicon substrate. Heating is achieved by using focused lasers which heats the metallic vapour in an extremely small region. Hence we get metallic contacts on a integrated circuit. The amazing thing with this technique is that this can be used to make nano-scale circuits efficiently.
I have attached my 3 page paper which I presented in a paper presentation competition of Electrical Engg Department, IT-BHU. I expect some peer review and inputs on this idea.
Research paper - Laser fabrication of circuits

Virtual Tour of IT-BHU Campus

After I got my branch and the institute where I would study after giving the JEE -  and that was electronics engineering at IT-BHU - i began searching for all the content I could find about the institute. Actually there was a dearth of images of the institute let alone any virtual tour. So I decided there that when  I reach there, I would make a virtual tour of the campus and finally I made it!
The website was made from scratch and required a lot of hard work. Click on the links on the left or the  markers on the map to see the panorama. panorama
You can also embed the website on your own website or blog using the iframe HTML tag <iframe src="http://webfuel.in/panitbhu/index.html" > </iframe>
The link of the website is http://webfuel.in/panitbhu
The website is embedded below -

Action and Reaction Revisited

Do we do Action which is followed by Reaction or vice versa or they both happen at the same time?
Usually, when we push an object (i.e. Action) we immediately feel the Reaction so the the answer should be that they happen at the same time. Thus the question looks trivial. But further analysis shows this questions isn’t as trivial as it had seemed.
What happens when two interacting objects are at a distance? Like electromagnetic interaction between two objects in the space.
Let us assume an object A emits light towards an object B which is far away. The light emitted will take some time to reach the object B to act on it. So it would be expected that after the light reaches B, it would take the same time for the reaction to act on A. BUT the moment the object A emits light it would experience an opposite push and after some time the light will act on object B! Thus in reality there is an Advanced Reaction! That is reaction is experienced before the action!
This Advanced Reaction has many consequences.
Let us take the example of Gravitational attraction. The gravitational force too would travel at the speed of light and reach the other object after some time. The force F between two objects having mass M1 and M2 separated by a distance of R is given by
 
There would be a force of attraction between an object A and the different objects in the entire universe. Even though the distances between the far away objects maybe humongous still the reaction will be immediate! It does not matter how far an object would be, the object A will get immediate reaction from all the bodies in the universe irrespective of their distance! This immediate reaction can be in turn be used to measure the mass of the universe!
But still an question pops up!
What if a massive  object pops up in space from nowhere? Will it immediately experience the gravitational force from the entire universe or as the gravitational force takes some time to reach the other objects in the universe, the reaction will be delayed?
I guess the reaction from the entire universe will follow instantaneously after the object spawns! This would mean that there is a passive field in the space due to all the massive objects of the universe. The outer boundary of this field will enlarge with time! The reaction on the object will be instantaneous even though its action on the universe will take some time!
Similarly if the Sun disappears from space into nowhere its action will be felt by earth after some time! Earth will continue in its orbit even after 8 mins (i.e. the time light and gravity takes to reach earth).

Measuring the specific rotation of light: My chemistry board project!

My attempt to make an different project led to some cool results! Instead of copying any old chemistry project I marched forward to make an unique project. In this attempt I made several projects then after making them I scrapped them because they were not upto my standards!
My first attempt was to induce an oscillating reaction of H₂O₂ and KI using Malonic acid and Mn²⁺ as catalysts. This reaction is known as Briggs-Rauscher Reaction. The result is a very visually striking reaction as seen in this video



The reaction is actually a series of very complicated sub-reactions. In this reaction we in a way fool the Iodine ions! After spending hours trying to understand the underlying chemistry when I actually got Malonic acid, my teachers asked me to pay Rs1400 for that acid! I had the acid bottle in my hand, I just had to open it and mix it! But who would pay that much for a small acid bottle?!! I would prefer a new pair of shoes! Failure.
After the misadventure with oscillating reaction I wanted to make a breath alcohol analyzer, the one you find with traffic police. And important compound needed for this analyzer was Ceric ammonium nitrate (NH₄)₂[Ce(NO₃)₆] and it was available in the chemistry lab! It is expected that the compound will change color from yellow to red, but the compound was already red! It was not going to give any test. Another failure.
Next I tried to make some sedatives. I made Chloretone and chloral. When I tried to make these I would get a nice sleep when I went back home! After sometime I realized that Chloretone is a very volatile solid, the entire yield went up in air! After successfully completing this experiment, I thought this project was not upto my standards! After all we are simply mixing some chemicals and extracting the products! Another Failure.
When it was a free period I went to give company to the other XII's section who were in Physics lab. They were having a demo of Transistors, LED and polarizers etc. The polarizer caught my attention and I played with it in the lab. And then I thought I could use this polarizer to measure optical rotation of active compounds! So I asked R.G. Gupta Sir to lend me that polarizer and he agreed!
I had to use a polarimeter to make the measurement of polarization. Polarimeters usually look like this:-

So obviously our school did not have it. So it was upto me to make my own polarimeter. I took a long gas jar, a petri dish, 2 polarizers, a protractor to measure angles, a stand and a adhesive tape!
After working hard on making it I finally did succeed! My polarimeter looked something like this:-

And for any one who came here just to copy my Chemistry project, don't worry I publish my project here .Press Ctrl+S and save it on your hard drive. Read this project file for all the details. I used glucose and sucrose as optically active substances and tried to optically invert sucrose. Weighing the sugars also took a lot of time. But constructing the polarimeter was very hard. We had to fix accurate reading of the polarimeter on whose basis further observations could be made. The glucose in the above pic looks brown because it has not been purified.
And finally I did succeed to make a high tech project!

Must watch places in Google Maps!

Lets explore Google Maps!

Check these spectacular places on Google Maps:
1. Nuclear Craters- Area 51 Nevada, USA .
 See hundreds of nuclear craters formed by underground nuclear testing!

Check it out here:- http://bit.ly/f2xEQI

2. Firefox Logo- Oregon, USA
Who expects to find Firefox logo here?

http://bit.ly/fvPcrY

3. Area 51 top secret base!!

 http://bit.ly/erqoVH

4. INS Virat- Mazagon Docks, Mumbai
Check out India's sole Aircraft carrier docked for upgrades. But if you look north from here you will see another aircraft! How?

 http://bit.ly/e6lPMz

5. Lonar Crater Lake- India's own crater formed by a meteorite!

 http://bit.ly/hGYBFH 

6. Volcanoes in Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia.
All those brown/black spots are active volcanoes! Kamchatka is one of the most active volcanic regions on Earth!

 http://bit.ly/ewnrVv

7. Strange Star- Nevada, USA
It seems we are inviting the aliens!

http://bit.ly/hhIEyC

8. Jamnagar Oil Refinery- Gujrat, India
Massive Oil Refinery! Zoom in and explore.
http://bit.ly/gb7VlB

9. Satellite Launch Pad, Sriharikota, India
http://bit.ly/g97t1B

Massive flaw in National Cyber Olympiad Online Examination!

Want to get very high rank in National Cyber Olympiad(NCO) organized by the Science Olympiad Foundation (SOF)?
I discovered a flaw in class 8 which has been helping me and all my friends to get very good ranks in the second round of NCO which is an online examination format. I had it in my mind to mail the SOF  anonymously telling them about this flaw which I did now.

So here is that original mail which I mailed to the SOF which should make matters more clear:
SUBJECT: MASSIVE FLAW IN NCO ONLINE EXAM.

Dear Sir/Madam,
I am a student of class 12. I have been giving the National Cyber Olympiad since
i was in class 8 and have qualified all subsequent years for the second round
which is an online test format. But I considered this to be my responsibility to
inform you about a MASSIVE FLAW IN THE ONLINE EXAMINATION FORMAT WHICH IS ENOUGH TO DESTROY ITS LEGITIMACY.
I discovered this bug in the software independently when i was in class 8 and
since then I have used it all subsequent years to secure high ranks.

The FLAW IN THE SOFTWARE IS AS FOLLOWS:
The examination time is strictly 30 minutes in which we have to solve 30
questions, which is not considered enough time. Most people feel if they have
more time then they could get a better score and that is exactly what we achieve with this flaw.
While giving this exam if we press right-click, we get a dialogue box
announcing that this function is not allowed. This is supposed to prevent
cheating but that is exactly what it implements. It seems the software developers have
not noticed that the TIME CLOCK STOPS giving the examinee complete freedom to
complete the exam in whatever time he thinks is necessary. When we click the
submit test button too the clock stops. We can slide the dialogue box to some
corner and can continue solving the question. Even when we finish the exam after doing
all this our answers are correctly processed and we get our results! For example
this year i gave the exam in about 50 minutes! The year before I gave the exam
in about 75 minutes!
A LOT MORE PEOPLE ALREADY KNOW THIS AND HAVE BEEN USING IT and getting
substantial ranks. The number of people using this can be somewhere in the 50s
according to me and many hundreds of people already know this. You wont me
believe if I start giving you specific examples, so lets not.

By the way if someone else (i mean some other organization) comes to know about
this you know what could happen so lets just prevent it from happening.

So consider this YOUR TOP PRIORITY to correct this flaw before it renders your
examination useless.

Yours truthfully,
Anonymous

And I did not receive any reply!!!

Easiest way to hack your friend's email: if he is dumb

Ever wanted to gain control of your friend's email id? I will explain to you how to secure yourself from such an attack in this post.

This hacking episode took place just a few days back and let me give you all the details about this attempt. Take this as a case study:
The person whose account was to be hacked was Mayank Chauhan.
The people involved in this hacking were Nikhil Sharma, Saikat Banerjee and Tanmay Sharma.
It seems that Mayank had a fight with Nikhil Sharma. So Nikhil hacked all his ids. But Mayank was able to get access to his id again. Then he implemented some 'top securities' , and challenged Saikat to hack him now.
This group used both guessing and phishing to get control of his two email id in order to get control of his facebook but eventually failed as Mayank changed the id he associated with Facebook.

So let me present a third party view of this episode i was not involved in any way:
Nikhil used forgot password option to 'hack' his email. His secret questions were
Q1. What is your place of birth?
Ans1. Delhi!
This was quite obvious as he lives in Delhi-NCR
Q2. Who is your favorite cartoon character?
Ans2. Shinchan!
Most of his friends knew his favorite cartoon was Shinchan. This was basically an open secret!

One ID under control now turn of another....
This time they used more sophisticated technique of phishing. This method can only work if the victim is dumb and the person doing it has good brainwashing qualities. By the time his one ID had been compromised he himself tried to get control of Nikhil's account and he looked for the net for that. He even asked some of his friends to help him. But unfortunately he asked the help of some friends who too were involved in hacking mayank's id. Such a dumb person he is!! They brainwashed him by suggesting a method by which he could possible hack someone else's account. Get an idea from this pdf http://www.derkeiler.com/pdf/Newsgroups/alt.computer.security/2009-06/msg00097.pdf
This is completely rubbish and never try it! Make sure your security questions are very general but their answers should be very specific.People usually reveal a lot of personal information in Facebook which helps the hackers a lot. So avoid that.
And remember never hack anybody's id 'just for fun'. Hacking can get you in legal trouble so beware.
Any way I hope the following discussion with one of the conspirators will make it clear what actually happened:
me: Gimme more details

 Saikat: about

1:33 PM me: That episode

 Saikat: which episode bhai?

 me: Taking control

1:34 PM Saikat: hacking?

  jaldi bol

  i have to go

 me: Ha

  Which account did he use?

1:35 PM Saikat: :P

  hmmm..

  well..

  first i brainwashed him

1:36 PM as nikhil as hacked his account... and he got it back.. he challenged me to hack him... so.. i found out this little trick..

  so...

  i told him that this is a method to hack nikhil

  i told him TO USE HIS OWN FB ID!

  so that i can get access to his :D

  but..

  he didnt use his fb id..

  and .. well..

  i could only get access to his new account

1:37 PM i hope you understood the trick?

 me: You took over nikhil's account?

 Saikat: NO

  i took over mayank's

  did you understand the trick?

  its just that..

1:38 PM me: No

 Saikat: wait.

  let me type

  ITS JUST THAT>.. i create a real LOOKING.. gmail server id...

  like..

  officer.gmail@gmail.com

  something like that

  and tell him

  that..

  you have to compose a mail... with

  the subject... PASSWORD RECOVERY

1:39 PM write the person's email id

  your id

  our own password

  (THIS IS THE TRICK.. he is giving us access to his own id without knowing that the officer thingy email id is ours only!!!!)

  then i give a stupid javascript code ( which doesnt work ofcourse)

  :P

  and tell him that this javascript..

  confuses the gmail server

1:40 PM and returns back the TARGET ID..

  which u gave first!

  lol..

  its just brainwash and bang

 me: Good

 Saikat: he has no idea that he gives me access

  oi..

  blog my name too :P

  inputs :P

 me: Okay

 Saikat: nice method.

  actually..

  tanmay and i did it

  credit goes to tanmay

 me: The pdf you gave to me was made by you?

1:41 PM Saikat: no

  tanmay and i found a better

  way..

  we discussed shit.

  and introduced the IDEA

  of brainwashing

  its easy..

1:42 PM ok i am going

 me: Then what was that pdf?

 Saikat: well.. we read it..

  and closed it

 me: And?

 Saikat: we didnt even think about that

  i mean.

  we thought that it was shit

  but then tanmay and i came up with the idea of brainwashing

1:43 PM i brainwashed mayank

  if someone reads that pdf

  it wouldnt help him in anyway.

  not a single fool will try it

  i mean.. try to hack

 me: Mayank tried it?

 Saikat: yes

1:44 PM i brainwashed him pretty well.

 me: Well he asked me how to hack and i gave him that

 Saikat: .hahahhahahahahahahahahahahahhahahaha

 me: And what about

  The forgot password?

1:45 PM Saikat: hmmm its a difficult thingy guess work..

  nikhil hacked mayank's id using social engineering

  SE.. is one of 7 ways to hack

  other ways are keylogger

  phishing

  etc

 me: Then why did you have to do all this when you guessed them

1:46 PM Saikat: mayank removed all his ids from facebook

  he had switched accounts..

  and i didnt know his new id

  which he was using for fb

  so..

  i had to implement this way

  to get his NEW ID

  and password at the same time

1:47 PM me: o...k

 Saikat: i am going now.

  are you going to give this convo in ur blog?

  rofl

 me: so you got control of 2 id?

 Saikat: no

1:48 PM i thought i got control of two ids.. as i hacked gmail.. with this method... so i will get pass to fb as well!!

  but it turned out that

 me: That's a great idea

 Saikat: mayank had made another id

  and did it

  so..

  it was my mistake

  that..

  i should have told him in the beginning

  that..

  use a account

  which is 30 days old

  !

  or frequently used!

 me: Hehe

 Saikat: OR

1:49 PM use the fb account u are using

  it only works with that

  ok

  do blog my name

  :|

  i have to take a bath now

  tere wageh se itne der se nahi gaya

 me: But he still has control of his account.

 Saikat: abe yaar

  the id i hacked

  it wasnt connected to his fb account!

  he had made a new id

  and did this shit

 me: good

1:50 PM Saikat: bhai

  ab main jaa raha hubn

  tell me when u r done with the blog

  aaah

 me: Naha le!

 Saikat: bye Remember Hacking is not an Indoor Game. It is a sport to be played outside. In order to win, you will have to get your hands dirty